{"id":20963,"date":"2024-04-27T08:02:16","date_gmt":"2024-04-27T08:02:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/?post_type=termin&#038;p=20963"},"modified":"2026-03-27T10:41:43","modified_gmt":"2026-03-27T10:41:43","slug":"2fa","status":"publish","type":"termin","link":"https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/termin\/2fa\/","title":{"rendered":"Authentification \u00e0 deux facteurs (2FA)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"QU-EST-CE-QUE-LE-2FA-EXACTEMENT\">Qu&rsquo;est-ce que le 2FA ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L&rsquo;authentification \u00e0 deux facteurs (2FA) est une mesure de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 qui ajoute une couche suppl\u00e9mentaire de protection aux comptes en ligne, renfor\u00e7ant la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en exigeant deux facteurs d&rsquo;authentification diff\u00e9rents pour l&rsquo;acc\u00e8s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1240\" src=\"https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/03\/categories-dauthentification-multifactorielle.jpg\" alt=\"Diagramme montrant les facteurs d'authentification : quelque chose que l'utilisateur poss\u00e8de, quelque chose qu'il conna\u00eet et quelque chose qu'il est, indiqu\u00e9 par la biom\u00e9trie. Apr\u00e8s l'authentification, l'acc\u00e8s est accord\u00e9\" class=\"wp-image-20964\" srcset=\"https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/03\/categories-dauthentification-multifactorielle.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/03\/categories-dauthentification-multifactorielle-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/03\/categories-dauthentification-multifactorielle-1548x1000.jpg 1548w, https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/03\/categories-dauthentification-multifactorielle-768x496.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Illustration des trois types fondamentaux d&rsquo;authentification multifactorielle<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Types-de-facteurs-dauthentification\">Types de facteurs d&rsquo;authentification<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour comprendre le 2FA, il est essentiel d&rsquo;explorer les trois principaux types de facteurs d&rsquo;authentification :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Quelque chose que vous poss\u00e9dez <\/strong>: Il s&rsquo;agit de tout objet physique poss\u00e9d\u00e9 par l&rsquo;utilisateur, tel qu&rsquo;une carte sp\u00e9ciale, un jeton de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ou un smartphone. Ces objets g\u00e9n\u00e8rent des codes uniques requis avec le mot de passe pour l&rsquo;acc\u00e8s.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Quelque chose que vous connaissez<\/strong> : Ce facteur d&rsquo;authentification implique des informations connues uniquement de l&rsquo;utilisateur, comme des mots de passe, des codes PIN ou des phrases secr\u00e8tes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Quelque chose que vous \u00eates<\/strong> : L&rsquo;authentification biom\u00e9trique repose sur des caract\u00e9ristiques physiques uniques, telles que les empreintes digitales, les traits du visage, les motifs oculaires ou la reconnaissance vocale.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Exemples-d'authentification-\u00e0-deux-facteurs\">Exemples d&rsquo;authentification \u00e0 deux facteurs<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Retraits aux guichets automatiques<\/strong> : L&rsquo;acc\u00e8s n\u00e9cessite une carte bancaire (possession) et un code PIN (connaissance).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Services bancaires en ligne :<\/strong> Utilise souvent le 2FA en combinant un nom d&rsquo;utilisateur\/mot de passe (connaissance) avec une \u00e9tape suppl\u00e9mentaire, comme la saisie d&rsquo;un mot de passe \u00e0 usage unique (OTP) envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 un appareil mobile (possession).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"section-generated-banner-block_b7b4ffea9df0c0977cf2ad2f990cb477\"\n         class=\"section block-section-generated-banner\">\n    <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3100229280663156\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Responsive Display Ad TPN -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:flex;justify-content: center;\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3100229280663156\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3891667990\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/section>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mots de passe et phrases de passe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Il s&rsquo;agit de combinaisons de caract\u00e8res utilis\u00e9es pour s\u00e9curiser les comptes en ligne. Les mots de passe forts comprennent un m\u00e9lange de lettres majuscules et minuscules, de chiffres et de caract\u00e8res sp\u00e9ciaux. Les phrases de passe, plus longues et plus faciles \u00e0 m\u00e9moriser, offrent une s\u00e9curit\u00e9 renforc\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">NIP et autres informations secr\u00e8tes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les codes PIN sont des codes num\u00e9riques utilis\u00e9s avec des cartes physiques ou des jetons pour plus de s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Les cl\u00e9s de d\u00e9verrouillage personnelles (PUK) sont utilis\u00e9es pour d\u00e9verrouiller les <a href=\"https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/termin\/carte-sim\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cartes SIM<\/a> des appareils mobiles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jetons physiques<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces objets tangibles, comme le jeton RSA SecurID, g\u00e9n\u00e8rent des codes pour l&rsquo;authentification, ce qui renforce la s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jetons logiciels<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les jetons logiciels, tels que les applications mobiles g\u00e9n\u00e9rant des mots de passe \u00e0 usage unique (OTP), fournissent un 2FA sans n\u00e9cessiter de dispositifs physiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1240\" src=\"https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/03\/methodes-dauthentification-a-deux-facteurs.jpg\" alt=\"Graphique illustrant diverses m\u00e9thodes d'authentification \u00e0 deux facteurs, notamment les mots de passe\/phrases de passe, les jetons physiques, les PIN\/PUK et les jetons logiciels\" class=\"wp-image-20965\" srcset=\"https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/03\/methodes-dauthentification-a-deux-facteurs.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/03\/methodes-dauthentification-a-deux-facteurs-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/03\/methodes-dauthentification-a-deux-facteurs-1548x1000.jpg 1548w, https:\/\/heylocate.mobi\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/03\/methodes-dauthentification-a-deux-facteurs-768x496.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Infographie sur les m\u00e9thodes courantes d&rsquo;authentification \u00e0 deux facteurs utilis\u00e9es pour renforcer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risques et faiblesses<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bien que le 2FA am\u00e9liore la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, les risques comprennent les attaques d&rsquo;ing\u00e9nierie sociale et l&rsquo;interception des canaux de communication utilis\u00e9s pour l&rsquo;authentification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"section-generated-banner-block_b7b4ffea9df0c0977cf2ad2f990cb477\"\n         class=\"section block-section-generated-banner\">\n    <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3100229280663156\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Responsive Display Ad TPN -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:flex;justify-content: center;\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3100229280663156\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3891667990\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/section>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u00e9glementations mondiales<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les autorit\u00e9s imposent l&rsquo;authentification multifactorielle (MFA) pour prot\u00e9ger les donn\u00e9es personnelles, comme le montrent des r\u00e9glementations telles que le GDPR de l&rsquo;UE et la norme de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es de l&rsquo;industrie des cartes de paiement (PCI DSS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00e9fis de mise en \u0153uvre<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le d\u00e9ploiement de l&rsquo;AMF n\u00e9cessite de g\u00e9rer les utilisateurs, de s&rsquo;int\u00e9grer aux syst\u00e8mes existants et de vaincre les r\u00e9sistances par l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation et la persuasion.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"questions-frequemment-posees\">Questions fr\u00e9quemment pos\u00e9es<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Il existe des questions que les gens se posent sur l\u2019authentification \u00e0 deux facteurs (2FA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-question-answerblock_4b32888c10ee5b3dcac3206f56446654\" class=\"termin-question-answer\">\n\t<h3>Comment obtenir la 2FA ?<\/h3><p>Activez-la dans les param\u00e8tres de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de votre compte. La plupart des plateformes proposent la 2FA via SMS, e-mail ou des applications d\u2019authentification comme Google Authenticator ou Microsoft Authenticator. Selon les standards actuels de 2026, vous scannez un code QR ou liez votre t\u00e9l\u00e9phone pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des codes de v\u00e9rification.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-question-answerblock_72094dd7476a8e2e58d92776b4de1926\" class=\"termin-question-answer\">\n\t<h3>La 2FA est-elle bonne ou mauvaise ?<\/h3><p>La 2FA est b\u00e9n\u00e9fique. Elle ajoute une couche de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 suppl\u00e9mentaire au-del\u00e0 de votre mot de passe. M\u00eame si votre mot de passe est compromis, les attaquants ne peuvent pas acc\u00e9der \u00e0 votre compte sans le second facteur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-question-answerblock_43cef8b14340ad7fa4248490694f77a3\" class=\"termin-question-answer\">\n\t<h3>Quel est un exemple de 2FA ?<\/h3><p>Un mot de passe + un code \u00e0 usage unique est un exemple courant. Apr\u00e8s avoir saisi votre mot de passe, vous recevez un code temporaire via SMS ou une application d\u2019authentification. Les deux facteurs doivent \u00eatre corrects pour se connecter.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-question-answerblock_6a9267c0aad180ee20aeeabdf74d57a6\" class=\"termin-question-answer\">\n\t<h3>Comment savoir si la 2FA est activ\u00e9e ?<\/h3><p>V\u00e9rifiez les param\u00e8tres de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de votre compte. La plupart des services affichent \u00ab 2FA activ\u00e9e \u00bb ou \u00ab v\u00e9rification en deux \u00e9tapes active \u00bb. Il peut \u00e9galement vous \u00eatre demand\u00e9 de saisir un code lors de la connexion.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-question-answerblock_fb20a5aec1ccb1ddd2d42823853a427d\" class=\"termin-question-answer\">\n\t<h3>La 2FA peut-elle \u00eatre pirat\u00e9e ?<\/h3><p>Oui, mais c\u2019est plus difficile. Selon les pratiques actuelles en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9, des m\u00e9thodes comme le phishing ou l\u2019\u00e9change de carte SIM peuvent contourner les formes de 2FA plus faibles (par exemple par SMS). Les solutions bas\u00e9es sur des applications ou du mat\u00e9riel r\u00e9duisent consid\u00e9rablement ce risque.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-question-answerblock_735e974739fb21b7cf9816ad39a5b56d\" class=\"termin-question-answer\">\n\t<h3>Quelle 2FA est la plus s\u00fbre ?<\/h3><p>Les cl\u00e9s de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 mat\u00e9rielles sont les plus s\u00fbres. Des dispositifs comme YubiKey utilisent une authentification physique et r\u00e9sistent au phishing. Les applications d\u2019authentification sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme plus s\u00fbres que le SMS.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-question-answerblock_51ad6e8bcb197c79518aa103c1369e54\" class=\"termin-question-answer\">\n\t<h3>Comment fonctionne la 2FA si je perds mon t\u00e9l\u00e9phone ?<\/h3><p>Vous pouvez utiliser des codes de secours ou des m\u00e9thodes de r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration. La plupart des services fournissent des codes de secours \u00e0 usage unique ou permettent la connexion via e-mail ou v\u00e9rification d\u2019identit\u00e9. Sans cela, la r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration du compte d\u00e9pend du processus de support de la plateforme.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"R\u00e9f\u00e9rences\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Russell, S. (2023). \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/combul\/bwad023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bypassing Multi-Factor Authentication<\/a>\u201d. ITNOW, 65(1), 42\u201345.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jindal, S., &amp; Misra, M. (2021). \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-15-5341-7_60\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Multi-factor Authentication Scheme Using Mobile App and Camera<\/a>\u201d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In G. S. Hura, A. K. Singh, &amp; L. S. Hoe (Eds.),&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/book\/10.1007\/978-981-15-5341-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Advances in Communication and Computational Technology<\/a>&nbsp;(pp. 787\u2013813). Springer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnet.com\/news\/privacy\/two-factor-authentication-what-you-need-to-know-faq\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Two-factor authentication: What you need to know (FAQ)<\/a>\u201d \u2013 CNET. (2015). CNET. Retrieved October 31, 2015.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jacomme, C., &amp; Kremer, S. (2021). \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3440712\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">An Extensive Formal Analysis of Multi-factor Authentication Protocols<\/a>\u201d. ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security, 24(2), 1\u201334.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Boeckl, K. (2016). \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/itl\/applied-cybersecurity\/back-basics-multi-factor-authentication-mfa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Back to basics: Multi-factor authentication (MFA)<\/a>\u201d. NIST. Retrieved April 6, 2021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Multi-factor_authentication\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Multi-factor authentication \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu&rsquo;est-ce que le 2FA ? L&rsquo;authentification \u00e0 deux facteurs (2FA) est une mesure de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 qui ajoute une couche suppl\u00e9mentaire de protection aux comptes en ligne, renfor\u00e7ant la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en exigeant deux facteurs d&rsquo;authentification diff\u00e9rents pour l&rsquo;acc\u00e8s. Types de facteurs&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-20963","termin","type-termin","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Qu&#039;est-ce que le 2FA ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u00e9finition, signification et explication de 2FA. 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